Voyado Engage

FAQ: Product affinity

Here are some frequently asked questions about Product affinity.

Can I input SKUs from different brands or categories for analysis, or must they belong to the same brand or category?

Yes, you can input SKUs from different brands or categories. The system takes all provided SKUs into consideration when analyzing affinity, regardless of whether they belong to the same brand or category or not. However, it's important to understand that the analysis focuses on customer behavior related to all the provided SKUs as a group, and does not guarantee that they have an interest or even purchased any of the individual SKUs presented. A scattered selection of SKUs from different product areas might therefore end up giving you strange results.

Can I expect that individuals in all groups have purchased the products?

Customers, regardless of the group, indeed may have purchased the product. However, the groups are created more based on how closely interested in it they are, as indicated by their behavior.

Is there any general benchmark for what constitutes a high affinity segment customer? If a search is done for a specific SKU, can it be assumed that this kind of customer has already purchased the product?

While it's likely that the person has purchased the product or one of the products indicated, it's really more about purchase patterns across the entire database. A customer may not have purchased a specific product, but could have a purchase pattern similar to other customers who have purchased the product. Meaning they get a high affinity score despite not having purchased the selected product.

Should low affinity segment customers be interpreted as those least interested?

These are the least likely individuals in the entire customer database to interact with the product.

How fresh is the data on which the model is based?

Freshness depends on when the model was last trained, and currently it's done every week. There must also be a relevant amount of purchases for a product to be included, meaning customers with different product histories must purchase a product to be included in the model. This means that new products may need time, until their sales volume approaches that of the other products, to become relevant for the model. The model compensates for popularity, weighting bestsellers and popular products less heavily so they're not the sole strong signal.

What parameters form the basis for the affinity score? Just past purchases, or does it also include interactions?

Currently, product proximity is based only on purchase history—what the customers actually bought. This also includes a comparison to purchase patterns of other customers in the database. If a customer has not bought the product but still gets a high affinity score, it could mean that they have a similar purchase pattern as other customers who have bought the product.

Do the customers included in the product affinity results cover the whole contact database?

The product affinity results include most contacts, distributed from low to high affinity. There are some exceptions. It only includes active approved members. Also, contacts who have only purchased edge products are not included. Short answer: no, but the majority of contacts are included.

When I generate a product affinity group and use or save it, will that group contain the same contacts forever?

No. Every time the AI recalculates the model, which is currently weekly, that particular group will be regenerated with the same given products, regardless of whether it is part of a segmentation or a target audience.

If a new customer is created between model recalculations, will the customer be immediately included?

No. It can be included in groups only after the next model calculation, although it also might not end up in any of the groups.

If I save a segmentation using product affinity, will the number of contacts change week to week?

Yes, this can happen. With frequent recalculation of the AI model, SKUs may come back into the assortment, run out, change, or go on sale, leading to new purchases. These effects apply not only to the listed SKUs but also related ones, so the group size will likely fluctuate.

I want affinity for a product model, not size or color variants. What SKUs should I enter?

You'll have to enter all the SKUs included for the product, one for each variant. It's not possible to use just a single variant to represent the product.

Can I find people with affinity to a certain color or size?

If your product database allows you to fetch all SKUs for a specific attribute such as color or size, you can use those SKUs in a product affinity search to find customers with the highest interest in that attribute.

How can I identify high-affinity customers who have already purchased the product?

Since high-affinity customers are not guaranteed to have purchased the product, you need to use the article transactions filter and logically combine it with the high-affinity group in your segmentation or personalization setup.

Can I be sure low-affinity customers have not bought the product?

Most likely they have not. But even if they have, they may have purchased many other products from different brands or categories, resulting in a low affinity score.

Why are so many customers returned in the high-affinity segment for a specified SKU?

This often depends on how many purchases the SKU has. New products or new variants may generate too few signals, leading to very large groups. Entering all SKUs for the product or applying additional filters can help. In some cases, frequently bought products such as shipping items can distort results and should be excluded.

Why do almost all customers have a similar affinity score?

A spike-like graph can indicate homogeneous purchase patterns among customers. When behavior is similar, affinity scores cluster closely together. Inventory size and structure can also impact score distribution.

How should I choose an affinity score range when testing Product Affinity?

When starting out, use a narrow high-affinity range, such as 0.75–1, as long as the group is large enough. If it’s too small, select the top 25% of contacts. Starting focused makes evaluation easier, and you can gradually expand ranges to balance reach and relevance.

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